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Montlake Bridge

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Coordinates: 47°38′50″N 122°18′17″W / 47.64722°N 122.30472°W / 47.64722; -122.30472
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Montlake Bridge
Montlake Bridge from the west
Coordinates47°38′51″N 122°18′14″W / 47.6475°N 122.304°W / 47.6475; -122.304
Carries SR 513 (Montlake Boulevard)
CrossesMontlake Cut
LocaleSeattle, Washington
OwnerWSDOT
Characteristics
DesignBascule bridge
Total length344 ft (105 m)
Clearance below46 ft (14 m)
History
DesignerCarl F. Gould
OpenedJune 27, 1925
Statistics
TollFree
Montlake Bridge
LocationSpans Lake Union Ship Canal, Seattle, Washington
Coordinates47°38′50″N 122°18′17″W / 47.64722°N 122.30472°W / 47.64722; -122.30472
Arealess than one acre
Built1913
Built byWallace Equipment Company (steel fabrication and erection)
EngineerJ. D. Blackwell, A. Munster, D. W. McMorris
MPSHistoric Bridges/Tunnels in Washington State TR
NRHP reference No.82004242[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJuly 16, 1982
Designated SEATLDecember 13, 1979[2]
Location
Map

The Montlake Bridge is a double-leaf bascule bridge that carries State Route 513 (Montlake Boulevard) over Seattle's Montlake Cut—part of the Lake Washington Ship Canal—connecting Montlake and the University District.

It is the easternmost bridge spanning the canal. The bridge is 344 feet (105 m) long, and was designed by Carl F. Gould, one of the original architects of the University of Washington campus. The bridge and its control towers were designed in conjunction with the university's Collegiate Gothic style. It provides a clearance of 46 feet (14 m)[3] and is reported as providing 48 feet (15 m) of vertical clearance above the mean regulated level of Lake Washington for the central 100 feet (30 m) of the bascule span.[4] It is one of four original bascule-type drawbridges over the Ship Canal, the others being the Ballard, Fremont, and University bridges. It was the last one to be completed, has the highest clearance of the four, and is the only one that is part of the state highway system. It is also one of six bascule bridges based on a design derived from the Chicago bascule bridge, but is unique because of its trunnion supports, employed to avoid a patent infringement lawsuit by the Strauss Bascule Bridge Company.

East side of the bridge as seen from Lake Washington.

Piers and abutments for a permanent bridge were built in 1914 as part of construction for the Ship Canal, but a serious proposal for a bridge at Montlake didn't come until 1916.[5] The first bridge in its place was a makeshift walkway made from a series of barges, set up by graduate manager Dar Meisnest to allow football fans to cross for the Washington/Dartmouth game in 1920. The temporary bridge was so heavily traveled, it demonstrated the need for a permanent structure,[6] which was finished in June 1925. The permanent bridge was opened on June 27, 1925, a month ahead of schedule and as the centerpiece for a local parade that drew thousands of residents.[7]

From its opening in 1925 until 1940, public transit across the bridge was provided by streetcars of the Seattle Municipal Street Railway.[8]: 36–37, 70, 92  From 1940 to 1970 and again since 1981, trolleybuses of the Seattle trolleybus system have used the bridge.[9]: 221, 223  Since 1984 (with the closure of the 1911 Cambie Street Bridge in Vancouver, Canada), the Montlake Bridge and the nearby University Bridge have been the only movable bridges in the Western Hemisphere still crossed by trolleybuses.[10]: 7 

The south side of the Montlake Bridge fully open

A report from 1993 states that the Montlake Bridge averaged a volume of 60,900 vehicles each weekday,[11] while another report from 2001 puts normal weekend traffic across the bridge at about 40,000 vehicles each day.[4] In addition to the vehicular traffic, the bridge conveys pedestrians and bicyclists across the canal by way of sidewalks on each side of the roadway. The bridge does not open during morning and evening rush hours. It opens at designated times (usually on the hour and half-hour) during the hours just prior to and after rush periods, and on demand at other times. The bridge openings last for an average of four minutes from when traffic stops to when it resumes again.[12] Most of the openings are for sailboats, as most of the tugs that operate this far east are able to pass under the bridge in its closed position. The bridge creates a bottleneck for traffic heading to and from State Route 520 (SR-520), and the creation of alternate routes has been proposed multiple times over the years. Traffic can become backed up for more than a mile when the bridge is open, as can be seen in aerial photographs.[13] Plans to replace SR-520 include adding a second bascule bridge across the Montlake Cut next to the current Montlake Bridge.[14]

Historical significance

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The Montlake Bridge is celebrated as the site of boating season's "opening day" festivities the first Saturday in May.

The bridge was constructed by the city of Seattle at a cost of $670,000. The steel was fabricated and erected by the Wallace Equipment Company. A. Munster, acting bridge engineer of the City of Seattle supervised the construction, J. D. Blackwell was city engineer and D. W. McMorris was assistant engineer.[1]

The bridge and the Montlake Cut together are a City of Seattle Designated Landmark (ID 107995),[15] and the bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, as well as the Washington Heritage Register. It is owned and operated by the Washington State Department of Transportation.[3]

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Montlake Bridge has two traffic lights one on either side of the Montlake Cut. These traffic lights are lit for large commercial traffic and if seen red small vessels need to proceed with caution of oncoming large commercial vessel. Height restriction are listed at 48 feet (15 m) at center and 32 feet (9.8 m) all together, with a clearance width of 146 feet (45 m) and 129 feet (39 m) in the open position.[16] This bridge can be hailed on channel 13 or using appropriate horn request, of one long and one short, for an opening. Normal bridge opening restrictions Monday through Friday except federal holidays differs here than all the rest of the drawbridges on the Lake Washington Ship Canal.[17]

Restrictions are from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m. and from 3:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. from April 30 to September 1 and from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. and from 3:30 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. from September 1 to April 30.[17] Additionally, the draw may only open on the top and bottom of the hour from 12:30 p.m. to 3:30 p.m. and from 6:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. [17] Further navigation restriction can be found within the Code Federal Regulations and the Notice to Mariners.

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  • HAER description
    HAER description
  • Gears and Machinery
    Gears and Machinery
  • Center lock mechanism
    Center lock mechanism

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ^ "Landmarks and Designation". City of Seattle. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
  3. ^ a b Home > Missions > Civil Works > Locks and Dams > Chittenden Locks > Boater Information, Seattle District US Army Corps of Engineers
  4. ^ a b "Drawbridge Operations Regulations; Lake Washington Ship Canal, WA".
  5. ^ Montlake History by Jim Gould Archived 2005-07-20 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ News: Historic Gearheads Tour (Seattle Weekly)[permanent dead link‍]
  7. ^ Caldbick, John (September 30, 2012). "Seattle's Montlake Bridge spanning Montlake Cut opens on June 27, 1925". HistoryLink. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  8. ^ Bergman, Mike (2021). Seattle's Streetcar Era: An Illustrated History, 1884–1941. Pullman, Washington: Washington State University Press. ISBN 978-0-87422-407-8. OCLC 1260341017.
  9. ^ Bramley, Rod (November–December 2021). "Not So Sleepless in Seattle, Part 3: The 1980s". Trolleybus Magazine. No. 360. UK: National Trolleybus Association. pp. 212–225. ISSN 0266-7452.
  10. ^ Bramley, Rod (January–February 2024). "Not So Sleepless in Seattle, Part 7: The 2020s". Trolleybus Magazine. No. 373. UK: National Trolleybus Association. pp. 4–16. ISSN 0266-7452.
  11. ^ 110 Wn. App. 731, MONTLAKE CMTY. CLUB v. HEARINGS BD Archived 2013-04-15 at archive.today
  12. ^ "Bridges and Roadway Structures: Bridge Openings. Seattle Department of Transportation. Retrieved September 3, 2017.
  13. ^ Aerial image from USGS via Microsoft Research Maps
  14. ^ SR-520 Bridge Program: I-5 to Medina Project Design
  15. ^ Landmarks Alphabetical Listing for M Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine, Individual Landmarks, Department of Neighborhoods, City of Seattle. Accessed 28 December 2007.
  16. ^ "18447_BookletChart" (PDF). NOAA. 1983. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
  17. ^ a b c "Title 33 / Chapter I / Subchapter J / Part 117 / Suboart B / Washington 117.1051". Code of Federal Regulations. National Archives. June 30, 1998. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
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